China is strikingly multilayered, and often its differences become an obstacle for those doing business here. Eden Collinsworth, founder of a cross-cultural consulting firm in Beijing, shares useful observations for foreign businesspeople in her best-selling book.

Wrong expectations of time. In Chinese culture, time is often viewed more fluidly than in the West. For example, "noon" for the Chinese is the period between 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. rather than the exact hour, which can be puzzling to foreign businesspeople.

Misperception of loud talking. Many people notice that Chinese people talk louder than their Western counterparts are used to. This may be due to the language and communication culture itself, and in no way implies hostility or rudeness.

Misunderstanding of the greeting ritual. The Western handshake may seem too up close and personal to Chinese counterparts. When greeting, the handshake here can be light and the Chinese themselves may show restraint.

Underestimating the role of business cards. The respect of Chinese businessmen can be expressed by offering a double-sided business card with characters on one side. In addition, it is customary to carefully read the business card of the interlocutor and leave it in plain sight, which emphasizes respect for the status of the partner.

Ignorance of the concept of "guanxi". In China, business success is often linked to "guanxi" - a unique system of relationships and connections. Without these relationships, progress in business will be hindered.

Treating a meal together as a casual meal. Business people in China are often invited to a meal where discussion of business is discouraged. It is important to remember that such meals promote the establishment of "guanxi".

Ignorance of table etiquette. The amount of food on the Chinese table is usually excessive. It is important to try all the dishes, showing respect for the hospitality of the organizer, especially those recommended.

Refusal to drink after a toast. The tradition of toasting in China requires participation. Refusing a drink can be perceived as impolite, so it's best to think ahead of time about how to respond appropriately.

Responding to personal questions. Chinese people may ask questions that Westerners find personal or uncomfortable. Often these questions are about marital status and property, and a polite response is appropriate.

Misunderstanding the importance of maintaining "face". Preserving dignity or "face" in China is a fundamental concept. An open "no" or refusal can seriously damage the reputation of the interlocutor, and a "yes" here often expresses respect rather than firm agreement.

These tips will help you avoid common mistakes and build a solid business relationship in China while maintaining respect for the local culture and traditions.